A mai csuvas sil ‘veter, vetrovoj, vetrjanoj’ (Chuv), sil ‘veter’ (ChuvA), sil Szp. id. ‘szel, Wind’
A SZÉL oldalai 784-5-6-7.o.
SZEL [sel] ‘wind’ | PN 1181 Zeles [sel-es], 1138/1329 ? PN sele [sel-e], selle [sell-e], c1390 feel [sel] | sel < *sel <— WOT *sel < *Jel | EOT yel ‘wind’.
OT yil (r: yel) ‘Wind’ (UTTI 15),
kicig oğlan yil tartsar ‘Wenn ein kleiner Knabe vom bösen Geist befallen ist’ (TTVII 27:8),
yel ‘wind’ (UXuangzangIndex),
yel ‘breeze, demon’ (AK), Mahmûd al-Kâsğârî: Dıvan luğat at-turk, 1072-1078, copy from 1266 ♦ ed. Dankoff-Kelly 1982-1985.
tiriglig tidükü^ bu yil teg keçer ‘what you call life is tran- sient as the wind’ (AQB), Jusuf Hass Hajib: Qutadgu bilig, 1068 ♦ ed. Arat 1947; 1959; 1979; Tezcan 1981; Dankoff 1983.
yel (yel – ye l^) ‘Wind’ (BI 6);
MT yel, yil ‘yel’ (UY),
yal ‘vent’ (UHy),
yal ‘vent’ (UHyS),
yel ‘wind’ (AGul), yel ‘yel’ (AHMA), yel ‘wiatr’ (AHS), yel ‘veter’ (AHSF), yel ‘veter’ (AIM), yal ‘wind’ (AIMI, Cl.), yel, yil ‘wind’ (AKD), yal ‘wind’ (AKor), yil (r: yel) ‘veter’ (AM), yel ‘wind’ (ANeh, Cl.), yel ‘veter’ (ANehF), yel ‘veter, duh’ (ATef), yil ‘yel’ (AYC), yel ‘vent’ (AChag), yelgüc ‘legyezo’ (AChagBL), yel ‘veter’ (AChagBud), yel ‘wind’ (AChagG), yel ‘veter’ (AChagLN), yel ‘veter’ (AChagMA), yal ‘der Wind’ (AChagR), yel ‘wind’ (AChagSC), yel ‘bad, rüzgar’ (AChagSS), yil ‘Wind, Nordwind’ (AChagSSK), yel, yil ‘Wind, Wehen, Luftzug’ (AChagZ), yel ‘Wind’ (LCCG, LCCI), yal ‘ruzgâr’ (AAH), yel ünü ‘rüzgâr sesi, sarsar’ (AAHI), yel ‘wiatr, vent’ (ABul), yal ‘wiatr, vent’ (ADur), yel (Houtsma: yal) ‘Wind’ (AHou), yel ‘wind’, yelli ‘windy’ (AMGh), yal ‘veter’ (ATuh), yel ‘yel, rüzgâr’ (ATuhA), yel ‘vent’ (AmTr), (yel: yeler yel ‘hızlı esen rüzgar’) (AOtT);
NT Chuv sil ‘veter, vetrovoj, vetrjanoj’ (Chuv),
sil ‘veter’ (ChuvA),
sil Szp. id. ‘szel, Wind’ (ChuvP),
yel: yel tum xayare ‘a szeltol szârmazo betegseg; eine Krankheit, die vom Winde herrührt’ (ChuvP); NW Jil ‘veter, vetrjanoj, vetrenyj, vetrovoj’ (Tat), Jil, yel ‘veter’ (TatDl), yil ‘szel, Wind’ (TatB), el [yel] ‘veter, vetrovoj, vetrjanoj’ (Bashk), yel ‘veter’ (BashkD2), yelamek ‘yomsak jil, jilâs, nebol soj veterok, prohlada, külâgâ, ten ’, yelle ‘jille, vetrenyj, avi’ruli’ (“pâri kagi’lgan”), bol noj (tronutyj necistoj siloj)’ (SibTat), yel ‘veter’ (SibTatBD), yil ‘der Wind’ (SibTatBR), zel ‘veter (nebol’soj, ne oCen’ sil nyj), vetry (gazy v zeludke i kiskah), (nazvanie nekotoryh boleznej v narod- noj medicine) prostuda, (sev.) prostrel’ (Kirg), zel ‘wind’ (Kaz), zel ‘veter’ (KazB), Jel ‘der Wind’ (KazR), zel ‘veter’ (Kklp), el [yel] ‘veter, vetrjanoj’ (Nog), el’ [yel] ‘veter’ (CrTat), yal ‘der Wind’ (CrTatR), yel’ ‘veter, dunovenie, dyhanie, vetrenyj, pustoj, nepostojannyj’ (KarT, KarC), yel ‘veter’ (KarH), yel ‘veter, gazy (v kiseCnike)’ (Kum), yel ‘Wind’ (KumN), dzel ‘veter, (mn.) gazy, vetry, (med.) revmatizm’ (KrchBlk), Jel ‘Wind’ (KrchP), zel ‘Wind’ (BlkP); SW el [yel] ‘veter, vetrjanoj, (med.) brucellez, gazy (v kiseCnike), (peren.) zloba, gnev, razdrazenie’ (Tkm), yel ‘veter’ (RTkmAB), yel ‘veter, (med.) revmatizm’ (Az), yel ‘wind, the wind, flatulence, breaking wind, rheumatism’ (Tt), yel ‘rüzgâr’ (TtDA), yal ‘der Wind’ (TtR), yel, yal, yel, ye, ye-l, ye^l, ye’l ‘Wind’ (Khor), yil ‘Wind’ (SOg); Kh yel, ye-l ‘Wind’ (Kh), ye-l ‘Wind’ (KhT); SE yel ‘veter, vetry, gazy (v kiseCnike)’ (Uzb), yel ‘wind, gases from the stomach or the bowles, syphilis, rash, rheumatism’ (TurkiJ), yil ‘wind’ (TurkiSh), yel ‘veter, vozduh, vozduh v tuse barana’ (TurkiL), yal ‘der Wind’ (TurkiTR), yal ‘veter, (med.) gripp, prostuda, vospalenie, rak’ (MUyg), yel ‘veter’ (Sal), yel, yil ‘vent’ (SalK), yel, Jil ‘veter’ (YUyg), yil ‘veter’, yıl, yel ‘veter’ (YUygM); NE yal ‘der Wind’ (AltR, AltLR), d’el ‘vozduh, veter’, yel ‘veter, vozduh’ (AltL), yal, d’al ‘der Wind’ (AltTelR), cil ‘veter’
Türk Dilleri Kütüphanesi
786 SZEL
(Khak), cil ‘veter, nevidimyj duh (oscuscaemyj kak veter)’ (KhakB), yal ‘der Wind’ (ChulR), celbi- ‘vejat ’ (Tuv); Y sillia ‘burja, vihr ’ (Y), salar- ‘dummes Zeug reden, schwatzen’ (Dlg).
E/T The T etymon for szel is well attested as of the OT period. Its original EOT form could have been yel ‘wind’ with a closed -e- (cf. the data in the sources writ- ten in Brahmi script and see also the ModT data in Az and Chuv). The Tkm and Kh words do not show that the vowel was etymologically long. On the T data, cf. Râsânen (1969: 195), Clauson (1972: 916-917), Levitskaja (Sevortjan-Levitskaja 1989: 174-176) and Tenisev (2001: 40). T yel also carried the sense of ‘demonic posses- sion’. The semantic connection between ‘wind’ and ‘demonic possession’ could be explained by the popular belief that wind and evil spirits are interrelated. ATef yel, however, carries the metaphorical meaning ‘(a good) spirit’.
Both the Zyr word s’Ü ‘burja’ and the fırst element of the Voty word sil’töl ‘urağan, burja’ are of Chuv origin, see Fedotov (1996/2: 117). According to Starostin- Dybo-Mudrak (2003:1508), PT *yel ‘wind’ may be genetically interrelated with PMo *salki ‘wind’, PTu *sal-di- ‘cool wind’ and PKor *sar- ‘gentle, cool’. There are serious phonetic problems with this hypothesis.
E/H After earlier attempts, Vâmbery (1870: 174) also proposed a T etymology for the H word. Gombocz (1907a: 317) accepted this and later (1912b: 121, 180) re- constructed an OChuv copied form *sal. He noted that a double correspondence exists between PT initial y- and H gy- and sz-. These different initials may show that OChuv consisted of various dials. Bârczi (1941: 285) accepted Gombocz’s etymology. According to Kâroly (1955: 311), the H word szellet ‘soul’ in the text of the first H translation of the Bible may be etymologically interrelated with H szel ‘wind’ and szello ‘breeze’. Ligeti (1960: 296) accepted Gombocz’s (1912b: 180) opinion on the OChuv dial differences. He thought that, although the VBulg inscriptions preserved the ancient OChuv initial J- in the 14^ c., the H words szel, szücs etc. with initial sz- cannot have been copied later than the 9^ c. It is another question if the forms with J- represent an earlier stage than those with s-. According to Rona-Tas (1967: 176), the copied T form could have contained a secondary open vowel -a-. Benko (1967-1984/3: 705-706) considered the H word to be of OChuv origin and repeated Gombocz’s reconstruction. Ligeti (1986: 23, 118, 122) regarded it as a MChuv lw. He pointed out that the differences in vowel quality between the CT and Chuv features are not strange. According to Benko (1993-1997/2: 1409-1410), the H word may be an early T lw fr OChuv, however these differences in vowel quality call for further investigation. The T lgs show a closed -e- in the word, but one may expect an open -a- for the H copied form. According to Rona-Tas (1997b: 54), the problem of vowel quality in this word can be viewed as analogous to that of the T etymon for H szerû. See further gyûlöl.
Türk Dilleri Kütüphanesi
SZENDEREDIK 78 7
♦ Vâmbery 1870:174; Gombocz 1907a: 317; Gombocz 1912b: 12,121,180; Ligeti 1935a: 215; Bârczi 1941: 285; Kâroly 1955: 311; Ligeti 1960: 296; Ligeti 1961: 29; Egorov 1964: 213; R6na-Tas 1967: 176; Benko 1967- 1984/3: 705-706; Râsânen 1969: 195; Clauson 1972: 916-917; Redei-R6na-Tas 1972: 287; Ligeti 1986: 13, 23, 25, 118, 122, 183, 197, 203, 305, 527; Sevortjan-Levitskaja 1989: 174-176; Benko 1993-1997/2: 1409-1410; Fedotov 1996/2: 116-117; R6na-Tas 1997b: 54; Tenisev 2001: 40; Starostin-Dybo-Mudrak 2003: 1508.
Forrásaim :
Róna-Tas andrás – Berta Árpád – Károly László : WEST OLD TURKIC – Turkic Loanwords in Hungarian Part II. (A-K) Turcologia Herausgeben von Lars Johanson (Band 84) Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden 2011 (784-5-6-7.o.)
Bálint Sándor : Szegedi szótár (Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 1957)
Nyáry Szabó László : Szögedi szótár (Torontál Kiadó, Szeged, eggyelőre digitális „kéz”- ill. „gép”-ıratban)
Új Magyar Tájszótár I. kötet 570. o. (Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 1988 ?) – Főszerkesztő : B. LŐRINCZY ÉVA
Nyáry Szabó László : Szabó-szótár / ideolektusom (mind-máig digitális „kéz”- ill. „gép”-ıratban)
(Sz.) : Számozatlan, forrásolatlan szójavallataim
2026.4.25 – 2026.5.2